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The Gallipoli campaign took place between 25 April 1915 and 9 January 1916
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The Gallipoli campaign took place between 25 April 1915 and 9 January 1916
The Gallipoli campaign took place between 25 April 1915 and 9 January 1916. The offensives ultimate aim was to push through the Dardanelles straits and capture Constantinople, the Turkish capital. If a breakthrough had been achieved, the Turks, who were allied with the central powers (Austria and Germany), would have been unable to prevent Britain and France from joining the Russians in the war against Austria-Hungary and Turkey.
After the previous failure of the British and French naval fleets to take the Gallipoli peninsula, the allies felt there was little alternative but to attempt an amphibious landing.
On 25 April two landings were made; the main force of 35, 000 men under Lieutenant General Hunter Weston landed at Cape Helles.
This was supported by a smaller force of 17, 000 men from the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzacs) under General Sir William Birdwood. This force landed at what became known as Anzac cove, a mile north of their intended destination and surrounded by deep cliffs.
The Anzacs were to move inland and seize the Sari Bari heights but soon met with a Turkish counter attack. By nightfall the Anzacs had suffered 2, 000 casualties and were fighting to stay on the beach.
Much of the failure has been attributed to poor coordination and leadership from the British General Sir Ian Hamilton, who chose to command the whole operation from aboard a ship.
Another 25, 000 men were landed near Anzac Cove and more at Cape Helles in August. The allies made another thrust, but to no avail. Deadlock on the beaches persisted.
The whole offensive was finally called off in December and troops evacuated.
The Gallipoli campaign cost the lives of more than 100, 000 allied and Turkish soldiers with another quarter of a million wounded.
Our Picture Shows: Turkish soldiers watch British Soldiers from a troopship in the sea of Marmora
World War 1914 -1918
Official
Daily Mirror
Mirrorpix
Gallipoli
Turkey
GL*3790850
Media ID 21556526
© Mirrorpix
Boat Core18 Dardanelles Rifles Turkey World War 1 1910s World War I
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EDITORS COMMENTS
This print captures a significant moment during the Gallipoli campaign of World War I. The image showcases Turkish soldiers attentively observing British troops from a troopship in the Sea of Marmora. The Gallipoli campaign, which took place between April 1915 and January 1916, aimed to secure control over the Dardanelles straits and capture Constantinople, then known as the Turkish capital. If successful, this offensive would have prevented Turkey and Austria-Hungary from impeding Britain, France, and Russia's joint efforts against their common enemies. After failed attempts by naval fleets to seize the Gallipoli peninsula earlier on, an amphibious landing was deemed necessary by the allies. On April 25th, two landings occurred: Lieutenant General Hunter Weston led a force of 35,000 men at Cape Helles while General Sir William Birdwood commanded a smaller group of 17,000 Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzacs) at Anzac Cove. However, both forces faced fierce opposition from Turkish counterattacks. The Anzacs suffered heavy casualties with approximately 2,000 lives lost on that first day alone. Poor coordination and leadership were cited as contributing factors to these setbacks. Despite subsequent reinforcements totaling around 50k troops in August that year, including another attempt near Anzac Cove and Cape Helles - deadlock prevailed on the beaches. Eventually called off in December due to mounting losses on both sides; more than 100k allied soldiers along with countless Turkish counterparts lost their lives during this ill-fated campaign. This poignant photograph serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by all those involved in one of World War I's most tragic chapters – forever etching its mark upon history.
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