X chromosome, centromere and telomeres

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X chromosome, centromere and telomeres

Computer artwork of a X chromosome. The red regions mark out the telomeres, the ends of the chromosome and the centromere, the central region of the chromosome. Telomeres consist of short repeated sequences of DNA and proteins, and are looped. The loop structure prevents the end of the chromosome being eroded by enzymes present in the cell nucleus and prevents enzymes from joining two chromosomes together. Telomeres play an important role in cellular aging. As cells replicate and age the telomere steadily shrinks. When the telomere reaches a certain length the cell stops dividing and dies

Science Photo Library features Science and Medical images including photos and illustrations

Media ID 6324123

© PASIEKA/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Centromere Chromatid Chromosome Chromosomes Code Gene Genes Telomeres Deoxyribonucleic Acid Genetics

EDITORS COMMENTS
This computer artwork showcases the intricate details of an X chromosome, providing a glimpse into the fascinating world of genetics. The red regions elegantly highlight two crucial components: telomeres and the centromere. Telomeres, represented by these striking loops at the ends of the chromosome, are composed of short repeated sequences of DNA and proteins. Their primary function is to protect the integrity of our genetic material. Acting as guardians, they prevent erosion caused by enzymes in the cell nucleus and ensure that chromosomes remain intact. Moreover, telomeres play a vital role in cellular aging. As cells replicate over time, these protective structures gradually shrink until reaching a critical length. The central region marked as the centromere serves as another essential element within this complex structure. It acts as an anchor point during cell division, ensuring accurate distribution of genetic material between daughter cells. This visually stunning print not only captures our attention but also emphasizes how gene expression and inheritance rely on such intricate mechanisms within our DNA code. By shedding light on these fundamental aspects of chromosomes – chromatids bound together – it deepens our understanding of genetics and its impact on life processes.

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